To Kill a Mockingbird – Dill Harris Character Sketch

Charles Baker Harris, who is commonly referred to as Dill, is a little boy in the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird and plays the role of a cardboard character. Dill is sincere friends with Scout and Jem and spends his summers with Aunt Rachel. Dill represents the naivety and innocence of childhood and is a very intriguing character. Dill appears to be younger than his actual age. In the beginning of the novel, Dill had a short stature and appeared to be four years of age, when in actuality, wassix years of age. â€Å"How old are you,’ asked Jem, ‘four and a half (Lee, Page 7)? ’† â€Å"‘Goin’ on seven (Lee, Page 7). † â€Å"‘Scout yonder’s been readin’ ever since she was born and she ain’t even started school yet. You look puny for goin’ on seven (Lee, Page 7). ’† The quotes from the novel are from a conversation between Jem and Dill when they met. Jem initially assumes that Dill is four and a half years because of his youthful appearance and petite body. Dill corrects Jem, stating that he is actually six years of age and is turning seven. Dill says in the last quote that he is quite small for his age. The quotes prove that Dill has a youthful appearance, small stature and appears younger than what he actually is. Dill also has white hair and a pair of blue eyes. â€Å"†¦ his hair was snow white and stuck to his head like duckfluff; he was a year my senior but I towered over him. As he told us the old take his blue eyes would lighten and darken†¦ (Lee, Page 8). † The quote from the novel is from the time when Scout is describing Dill’s hair and eyes. The quote is proof that Dill has white hair and blues eyes because this quote states that Dill’s hair was white with a duckfluff texture. The quote is also proof that Dill has blue eyes because the quote mentioned that Dill has a pair of blue eyes. Dill is of Caucasian race, given the fact that Dill has blue eyes. People of the Caucasian race are the only ones who can possess blue eyes. A positive trait that Dill possesses is his gift for storytelling and whimsical imagination. Dill would always make up peculiar stories about his life and share them with Scout and Jem. â€Å"Refreshed by food, Dill recited this narrative: having been bound in chains and left to die in the basement (there were basements in Meridian) by his new father, who disliked him, and secretly kept alive on a raw field peas by a passing farmer who heard his ries for help, Dill worked himself free by pulling the chains from the wall. Still in wrist monocles, he wandered two miles out of the Meridian where he discovered a small animal show and was immediately engaged to wash the camel. He traveled with the show all over Mississippi until his infallible sense of direction told him he was in Abbot Country, Alabama, just across the river from Maycomb. He walked the rest of the way (Lee, Page 140). † Another positive character trait that Dill possesses is his developed empathy for people. Dill desires fair treatment of every human being, regardless of race. â€Å"‘It was just something I couldn’t stand. ’ Dill said (Lee, Page 198). † â€Å"‘Dill, that’s his job. Why, if we didn’t have prosecutors—well we couldn’t have defense attorneys, I reckon (Lee, Page 199). ’† â€Å"Dill exhaled patiently. ‘I know all that, Scout. It was the way he said it made me sick, plain sick (Lee, Page 199). ’† â€Å"‘He’s supposed to act that way, Dill, he was cross—(Lee, Page 199)’. † â€Å"‘He didn’t act that way when—‘(Lee, Page 199). â€Å"‘Dill, those were his own witnesses (Lee, Page 199). ’† â€Å"‘Well, Mr. Finch didn’t act that way to Mayella and old man Ewell when he cross-examined them. The way that man called him ‘boy’ all the time an’ sneered at him, an’ looked ar ound at the jury every time he answered—(Lee, Page 199)’. † â€Å"‘Well, Dill, after all he’s just a Negro (Lee, Page 199)’. † â€Å"‘I don’t care one speck. It ain’t right, somehow it aint right to do ‘em that way. Hasn’t anybody got any business talkin’ like that—it just makes me sick (Lee, Page 199)’. The quotes from the novel are from a conversation between Dill and Scout after watching the trial of Tom Robinson for a while (Tom Robinson was a black man who was accused of sexually assaulting a white woman and was put on trial, despite the lack of evidence of the rape. The trial is unfair to Tom because the trial took place during the time when racism was prominent in the southern United States. The prosecutors and judges treated Tom disrespectfully and unfairly in the trial because he was black). In the conversation, it was shown that Dill was upset by the unfairness of the trial and the cruelty of the people towards Tom Robinson because he was black. Scout tries to comfort Dill, but Dill was far too upset by the injustice. In the last quote, Dill says to Scout that Tom shouldn’t be treated with disrespect because he was a Negro. The prejudice and unfairness of the trial reveals Dill’s empathy and desire for equal and respectful treatment of everyone, regardless if they’re black or white. This scenario in the novel causes Dill’s character to mature, such that he gains strong moral values like Atticus (Atticus is Scout’s father who is defending Tom Robinson and believes that black people should be treated equally and with respect, despite the fact that most of Maycomb’s citizens were racist). A trait of Dill’s that needs improvement is his naivety and his tendency to jump to conclusions without discussing his problems to anyone. Dill shows his naivety in the novel by running away from his parents because he believed that his parents didn’t love or care about him. Dill’s voice went on steadily in the darkness: ‘the thing is, what I’m trying to say is—they do get on a lot bettwe without me, I can’t help them any. They ain’t mean. They buy me everything I want, but it’s now-you’ve-got-it-go-play-with-it (Lee, Page 143)’. † The quote from the novel is from when Dill was e xplaining to Scout about why he ran away from his parents. Dill explains that he doesn’t feel loved by his parents because all his parents just do is give Dill material possessions to keep him occupied, instead spending time with him. What Dill really desires is not toys, but his parent’s time. Dill’s parents obviously love and care for Dill, but Dill is naive as to assume that his parents don’t. Instead of Dill discussing his situation with his parents or asking to spend time with him, Dill, with his naive mind, runs away from his parents. The fact that Dill ran away from his parents is proof that he is naive. â€Å"Jem gave a reasonable description of Boo: Boo was about sex-and-a-half feet tall, judging from his tracks; he dined on raw squirrels and any cats he could catch, that’s why his hands were bloodstained—if you ate an animal raw, you could never wash the blood off. There was a long jagged scar that ran across his face; what teeth he had were yellow and rotten; his eyes popped, and he drooled most of the time (Lee, Page 13). † â€Å"‘Let’s try to make him come out,’ said Dill. ‘I’d like to see what he looks like (Lee, Page 13). ’† â€Å"Our first raid came to pass only because Dill bet Jem The Gray Ghost against two Tom Swifts that Jem wouldn’t get any farther than the Radley gate. In all his life, Jem had never declined a dare. Jem thought about it for three days. I suppose he loved honor more than hid head for Dill wore him down easily (Lee, Page 13). † â€Å"‘You’re scared,’ Dill said, the first day (Lee, Page 13). † â€Å"‘Ain’t scared, just respectful,’ said Jem (Lee, Page 13). † â€Å"But Dill got him the third day, when he told Jem that folks in Meridian certainly weren’t as afraid as the folks in Maycomb, that he’d never seen such scary folks as the ones in Maycomb. That was enough to make Jem march to the corner, where he stopped and leaned against the light-pole, watching the gate hanging crazily on its homemade hinge (Lee, Page 13). †

Frederick Douglass

The American Slave In Sharon McElwee’s literary analysis of Frederic Douglass literary piece, â€Å"The Narrative of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, by Frederick Douglass,† Sharon breaks down the different key elements in Douglass’ story that make it so outstanding. Frederick Douglass is famous for his speech given during a time where slavery was still considered acceptable and was used by most wealthy white. Slavery was not viewed as cruel, but a valuable business that could earn them money. Although Douglass was not alone, his speech stands out among the others who were fighting for their freedom. Sharon first notices the use of repetition that Douglass uses in his work. She claims that this theme of repetition allows the reader to focus primarily on the content, or message, rather than the literary structure that may sometimes be distracting. Douglass left little room for the imagination and made sure to reiterate and describe exactly what he was saying. She gathers from his works that Douglass wanted to get one main point across; that slavery is dehumanizing and an unfair practice that should be done away with. Because Douglass mentioned these two things numerous times, the reader is able to really connect with the purpose of Douglass argument. Douglass would use words with negative connotation repeatedly throughout his descriptions to help emphasize the fact that nothing good was to be associated with slavery. Sharon even notes that each sentence has a formula that Douglass used to help eliminate any outside thought. Before the semicolon, the first word of each section is the, the second word is an adjective that ends in -er, the third word is either he or she, depending on the subject, and the final word of each section is a verb ending in -ed. This formula makes for easy reading, and again puts the emphasis on the act, allowing the reader to feel they are watching this event unfold in front of them and are able to create their own image instead of some made up, un realistic image that represents a false meaning. Sharon believes that Douglass strongest point throughout his entire work was the incident of the innocent slave being whipped by his slave master for no reason. Sympathy always helps the reader to feel more connected and emotionally involved with the piece. Douglass describes how an innocent slave is beaten for every action he made, no matter if it was right or wrong. This also is made even more powerful by a continuation of repetition throughout his description. Sharon see’s strength in Douglass writing when he describes the beauty of freedom as a ‘glorious resurrection from the tomb of slavery to the heaven of freedom. ’ During this time, the dominant religion was Christianity, therefore Douglass made a spiritual connection with the majority of his readers by making biblical references to the joy of being a free man. Although Sharon sees that Douglass, who is a Christian himself, hates any Christian who owns slaves. Douglass does a good job of hiding this fact from his readers due to his knowledge that a vast majority of his audience would indeed be slave owning Christians. Sharon agrees that Douglass is regarded as one of the greatest anti-slavery works ever written in American history. Through his use of repetition, his emotional and spiritual connection, and his confidence, Douglass was able to get people thinking about right and wrong. His clever writing made it clear and easy for the reader to fully understand his message, leaving no room for doubt about the way Douglass feels about what is going on around him. No fancy tricks, no crazy words, just quick and to the point. The reader gets a up-close and personal look at the unfair treatment of slaves and is allowed to fully understand why slavery should be abolished. I agree with everything that Sharon mentioned in her critique. I would have liked for her to focus more on Frederic Douglass himself and really dig deep into the kind of person he was. I believe, as a reader, that if I felt more acquainted with Frederic I would have connected with her analysis even more. But, Sharon stuck to her job and did a critique on the literary piece and not the author! Frederick Douglass The American Slave In Sharon McElwee’s literary analysis of Frederic Douglass literary piece, â€Å"The Narrative of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, by Frederick Douglass,† Sharon breaks down the different key elements in Douglass’ story that make it so outstanding. Frederick Douglass is famous for his speech given during a time where slavery was still considered acceptable and was used by most wealthy white. Slavery was not viewed as cruel, but a valuable business that could earn them money. Although Douglass was not alone, his speech stands out among the others who were fighting for their freedom. Sharon first notices the use of repetition that Douglass uses in his work. She claims that this theme of repetition allows the reader to focus primarily on the content, or message, rather than the literary structure that may sometimes be distracting. Douglass left little room for the imagination and made sure to reiterate and describe exactly what he was saying. She gathers from his works that Douglass wanted to get one main point across; that slavery is dehumanizing and an unfair practice that should be done away with. Because Douglass mentioned these two things numerous times, the reader is able to really connect with the purpose of Douglass argument. Douglass would use words with negative connotation repeatedly throughout his descriptions to help emphasize the fact that nothing good was to be associated with slavery. Sharon even notes that each sentence has a formula that Douglass used to help eliminate any outside thought. Before the semicolon, the first word of each section is the, the second word is an adjective that ends in -er, the third word is either he or she, depending on the subject, and the final word of each section is a verb ending in -ed. This formula makes for easy reading, and again puts the emphasis on the act, allowing the reader to feel they are watching this event unfold in front of them and are able to create their own image instead of some made up, un realistic image that represents a false meaning. Sharon believes that Douglass strongest point throughout his entire work was the incident of the innocent slave being whipped by his slave master for no reason. Sympathy always helps the reader to feel more connected and emotionally involved with the piece. Douglass describes how an innocent slave is beaten for every action he made, no matter if it was right or wrong. This also is made even more powerful by a continuation of repetition throughout his description. Sharon see’s strength in Douglass writing when he describes the beauty of freedom as a ‘glorious resurrection from the tomb of slavery to the heaven of freedom. ’ During this time, the dominant religion was Christianity, therefore Douglass made a spiritual connection with the majority of his readers by making biblical references to the joy of being a free man. Although Sharon sees that Douglass, who is a Christian himself, hates any Christian who owns slaves. Douglass does a good job of hiding this fact from his readers due to his knowledge that a vast majority of his audience would indeed be slave owning Christians. Sharon agrees that Douglass is regarded as one of the greatest anti-slavery works ever written in American history. Through his use of repetition, his emotional and spiritual connection, and his confidence, Douglass was able to get people thinking about right and wrong. His clever writing made it clear and easy for the reader to fully understand his message, leaving no room for doubt about the way Douglass feels about what is going on around him. No fancy tricks, no crazy words, just quick and to the point. The reader gets a up-close and personal look at the unfair treatment of slaves and is allowed to fully understand why slavery should be abolished. I agree with everything that Sharon mentioned in her critique. I would have liked for her to focus more on Frederic Douglass himself and really dig deep into the kind of person he was. I believe, as a reader, that if I felt more acquainted with Frederic I would have connected with her analysis even more. But, Sharon stuck to her job and did a critique on the literary piece and not the author!

Benefits of Using Hypnosis

The aim of this paper is to identify the benefits of using hypnosis in various fields. In order to do so, the paper will discuss the definition of hypnosis and its brief history. In relation to this, its affects towards an individual as well as the instances when hypnosis is used will also be given due consideration. Lastly, but most importantly, the benefits of using hypnosis will be emphasized in this paper. The succeeding paragraphs will further elaborate on these aforementioned points. Definition of HypnosisHypnosis comes from the Greek word â€Å"ypnos†, which means sleep (Russell). It is defined as a â€Å"social interaction in which one person responds to suggestions given by another person also known as the hypnotist for imaginative experiences involving changes in perception, memory, and the voluntary control of action† (Kihlstrom). Hypnosis is regarded as a scientific technique that is verified as an effective means to inflict accelerated human change. By usin g hypnosis an individual could inflict the changes that he or she wants on a certain person.These changes could even promote and encourage mental and physical wellness. Moreover, hypnosis is also especially studied by health care professionals, practicing therapists as well as individuals who are looking for ways to change their untoward behaviours and to change their lives for the better (The Empowerment Group). Brief History of Hypnosis Hypnotic relationship has been practiced for over 5000 years in Chinese medicine between healers and patients.Egyptians also practiced hypnosis through the form of Temple Sleep that was recognized by priests as a special healing as well as an enlightening state. The ancient Greeks also have their own form of hypnosis that is referred to as Asclepian dream healing. May prominent personalities in history have used hypnosis in order to propagate their views such as: Genghis Khan, Richard the Lionheart, Napoleon, Hitler, Churchill, Billy Graham, Mohamm ed, and even Jesus practiced hypnotism. Nevertheless, the high-profile practice of hypnosis took place in 1734-1815 with physician Anton Mesmer.He applied hypnotism in his theory of animal magnetism where he contributed an important paper in the practice of hypnotism that considers the relation of magnetic influences in the movement of sun, moon, and planets in the state of human health. This study of Mesmer started the propagation of hypnosis towards the end of the first half of the 19th century. Hypnosis spread as far as Italy, Spain, the rest of Europe and Scandinavia and even Brazil (UK Guild of Hypnotist Examiners).At present, hypnosis is practiced in many parts of the world. Application of Hypnosis and its Effects towards an Individual A typical hypnosis starts with the induction procedure wherein the person is asked by the hypnotist to relax and concentrate in focusing his or her eyes on a fixation point. The voice of the hypnotist will instruct the person on what to do. None theless, individuals could also have a positive response to hypnotism even if it is done while he or she is engaged in a vigorous activity.After the hypnotist directed the person of the primary procedure he or she would further suggest the patient for different imaginative experiences like extending ones’ arms or that when he or she opens his or her eyes the object in front of them will no longer be there. Furthermore, the patients may also be instructed by the hypnotist to disregard or continue a particular behavior (Institute for the Study of Healthcare Organizations and Transactions). An individual’s response to hypnosis tends to vary as it is based upon the differences of each person to another.This is due to the fact that hypnosis has large to do with the capability or talent of an individual to experience hypnosis rather than the hypnotic technique that was used. Majority of people are moderately hypnotizable but even though most people respond to hypnotism only few of them could actually attain the highest level of responsiveness or what is called as hypnotic virtuosos (Institute for the Study of Healthcare Organizations and Transactions). Benefits of Hypnosis The benefits of hypnosis could be seen in various aspects of an individual’s life.Hypnosis could be beneficial in someone’s personal life, working career, and even with regards to the physical and mental well-being of a person. In terms of ones’ personal life, someone who might want to quit smoking or start exercising to lose weight could undergo hypnosis in order for them to start doing these desirable actions and make it part of their everyday routine. A person could also learn to relax about the stressful work that he or she might have as well as start pursuing those career dreams that he or she aspires through the motivational aid of hypnotism.Even psychological and emotional problems like phobias such as fear of public speaking and shyness could also be addr ess through the use of hypnosis (Hypnosis School). Moreover, hypnosis has also been used by criminologists, psychologist as well as other mind specialist in order to guide and control the behaviour of a patient. Programs that involved intelligence or education-related skills have also result to hypnotism so that it could easily enhance the academic skills of their student like memorization and speed reading (All About Life Challenges).Lastly, what makes hypnosis a very popular form of therapy is the fact that it does not involve taking drugs or any kind of medication that could be habit forming. Being the case, a patient does not have to worry about serious side-effects as well as the expenses in such kind of treatment (All About Life Challenges). The discussions above show that hypnotism indeed has a substantial contribution in addressing the various problems that most people have to go through. Hypnotism tends to give solution to personal, psychological, medical, and even social c oncerns.The efficacy and importance of this kind of treatment is proven by the long period of time that it has been used. Being the case, it is not surprising that hypnotism give numerous benefits for the overall well-being of a person. Works Cited All About Life Challenges. â€Å"Benefits of Hypnosis. † 7 August 2008 . Hypnosis School. â€Å"The benefits of hypnosis. † 7 August 2008 .Institute for the Study of Healthcare Organizations and Transactions. â€Å"Hypnosis and Health. † 7 August 2008 < http://www. institute-shot. com/hypnosis_and_health. htm>. Russell, Michael. â€Å"Hypnosis: A Brief History. † 7 August 2008 < http://ezinearticles. com/? Hypnosis—A-Brief-History&id=200983>. The Empowerment Group. â€Å"What is hypnosis? † 7 August 2008 < http://www. hypnosis. com/whatishypnosis. aspx>. UK Guild of Hypnotist Examiners. â€Å"A Brief History of Hypnosis. † 7 August 2008 < http://www. hypnotherapy2empower. com/hypnosis_histo ry. php>.

PR FINAL PROJECT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PR FINAL PROJECT - Research Paper Example The industry further requires PR executives to work for long hours, including weekends, and even standing in the rain or snow to check in invitees while earning diminutive salaries that are not convenient (Brown 1). Given the intertwined nature of the entertainment industry and other industries, PR executives must be updated on what is taking place in the world generally. Intrinsically, it requires one to have passion for such a job to endure the shortcomings thereof and not just being interested in the glamour (Walker 1). PR Agencies hire staff to execute their various obligations to their clients, depending on the area of interest. One can be hired as an account representative in either a movie theatre, a film production company or by an entertainer as publicists. Publicists are engaged in managing and representing entertainer’s image before the eyes of the public. This is done by ensuring that Web sites, TV shows, newspapers, and magazines contain good press about the entertainer (Kennedy 1). An account manager for a film production company is responsible for the exploration and lurching of novel film coverage opportunities, the establishment and maintenance of a potent relationship with the media, and the creation of exciting campaigns that are integrated digitally (SAR 1). Movie theatre’s account representatives establish and uphold membership schemes and formulate initiatives that will urge people to visit the movie theatre habitually (The National Advisory Public Body for Theatres 1). PR departments for an entertainment company that does not outsource its public relations tasks may hire a candidate, who fulfills the criteria set out, to help answer journalists when they inquire about the company, represent the company in public appearances and interviews (Media 1). Having garnered sufficient experience in the field of PR, it is a lucrative job

Drug testing for public assistance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Drug testing for public assistance - Essay Example On the other hand, the people who oppose the said notion are addressing the fact that the random drug testing is ‘scientifically and medically’ illogical. Aside from the fact that it was expressed to be ‘fiscally irresponsible’ (American Civil Liberties Union 1). On a personal note, both side present reasonable conjecture regarding the issue although as a citizen, I am in favor of the implementation of drug testing. There are different points that can be presented regarding the said point of view. Thus, the discussion is aimed to present the reasons for agreeing with the advocates of the issue and the reasons for disagreeing with the critics. One point is related to the fact that every citizen of the nation has his or her own responsibilities toward the community. Due to that fact that these people are in need of public assistance, on the basis of different reasons such as the lack of income sources, following the rules set up by the authorities can be considered as their duty. This view is even strengthened by the fact that the funds for public assistance are coming from the taxes of the citizen with stable source of income (Sachteleben 1). Another point that can be presented in favor of the drug testing is the fact that even the employees and workers who are screened for their jobs are being required to have drug test. This means that the said procedure is not meant to separate the group of people who needs public assistance from other groups in the community. For that matter, critics of the notion cannot use the reason that there is maltreatment or unjust regard towards the said group (Sachteleben 1).

Reconstitution against Renunciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Reconstitution against Renunciation - Essay Example â€Å"Male fashion of the 18th century was less varied than female fashion as it consisted of the same set of garments throughout breeches, waistcoat and just a corpse† (Bender, 2006). What follows are photographs with brief descriptions of eighteenth-century male fashion.It can be seen from the above photos that the waistcoat with a slit at the center back was opened at the bottom end. The front edge of the just a corps was curved slightly, with a narrow torso. Stockings were sometimes worn under the breeches, and the shoes were square-toed, with small buckles. The sleeve cuffs also reached up to the elbow. Curly wigs were worn, but compared with seventeenth-century wigs, these were shorter in length. Gentlemen were expected to always have the following accessories: the tricorn hat, walking sticks and, most importantly, the sword as a status symbol, sticking out from underneath the coat’s slit. As a further status symbol, the slit was necessary for riding a horse.Chang es in eighteenth-century male fashion noticeably become more pronounced, as evidenced by the above photographs. It can be seen that the waistcoat no longer sports the flaring bottom edge, paving the way for the eventual tailcoat, and can be buttoned only at the chest. There are lesser decorations, indicating the advent of the "new simplicity" that originated in England and had, by this time, swept all across Europe (Bender, 2006). Cuffs were smaller, and the wigs changed up to the point when they were altogether done away with.

Write paragraph on (1) Sun Centered Universe and (2) Earth Centered Assignment

Write paragraph on (1) Sun Centered Universe and (2) Earth Centered Universe (Maximum one page, half page for each) - Assignment Example According to the Holy Scriptures (the Genesis), God created the earth and later added sun, moon, stars and planets to beatify it. The earth centered model also projected heaven and hell as the outermost space (Wils S, Wils S R, 2001, p.31). Aristarchus (310 BC-230 BC) introduced Heliocentrism (Sun Centered model) but was unfortunately ignored for centuries. However, the theory was later revived by Nicholaus Copernicus in 16th century AD. Heliocentric model challenged the Earth Centered theory stating Sun as the center of the universe. Although Copernicus could not gain appreciation for his findings, Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) and Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), the supporters of heliocentrism, contributed to the growth of the theory. Kepler introduced the law of motion and described how satellites revolving the sun and how the moon orbiting the earth (Kuhn K F & Koupelis, 2004, pp.41-42). Galileo invented telescope and made star observation rather easy. However, Catholic Church which was the emerging political and religious power of the age opposed and persecuted Galileo for his

Content Analysis on Barack Obama's candidacy coverage by Fox news (and Essay

Content Analysis on Barack Obama's candidacy coverage by Fox news (and minor comparison with other tv stations like abc) - Essay Example Fox News quickly parroted the charges" (Debunked Insight Magazine). After the rumor about Obama turned out to be false Fox News aired The Live Desk with Martha MacCallum in which MacCallum squarely places the blame of the rumor about Obama being a radical Muslim on the Clinton administration due to e-mails that were allegedly circulated on the internet by Clinton staffers. By placing the blame of the rumor on the Clinton administration Fox News smeared two democrats at once. Obama claimed that he was a Christian. Surely Fox News couldn't find fault with that, but they did. Fox News' Sean Hannity has alleged that the church Obama is a member of, United Church of Christ which is located in Chicago, is a racist church. On Hanninty's show on Fox News, Hannity made the accusation that Obama is a racist and he made implications to have the viewer believe that if Obama is elected President the whole country will be ran in a way to promote only a black agenda. During the 2004 elections, Senator John Kerry faced similar slander as Fox ran a story that a Communist organization supported Kerry for president, thereby tying Kerry to Communism. The story turned out to be a bunch of kids that were pretty much just joking about being a part of a communist organization in support for Kerry. Fox reporters repeatedly made accusations that Kerry flip flopped over important issues such as the Iraq war resolution. At Fox News "fair and balanced reporting" is incapable of happening when the opinion commentators are given the credibility by Fox as reporters of the news. In the book titled, Fair and Balanced My Ass!, written by Joseph Minton Amann and Tom Breuer, they write "So what we're seeing more and more in today's news business particularly at Fox, is that personality and opinion sell. Not reasoned and informed opinion but bluster ing, loud, obnoxious, in-your-face opinion" (11). Fox creates ideologies against liberal democrats in order to support a conservative republican agenda. In the book titled, South Park Conservatives, author Brian C. Anderson writes: "Watch FOX for just a few hours and you encounter a conservative presence unlike anything on television before 1996" (51). Fox news is opinion laden with shows like the O'Reilly Factor, The Grapevine, and Fox and Friends. And the opinions are all against democrats. The host of Fox and Friends, Steve Doocy is now famous for his blunder of a statement against Obama "Why didn't anybody ever mention that that man right there was raised - spent the first decade of his life, raised by his Muslim father - as a Muslim and was educated in a Madrassa" The reason why Fox Reynaga 3 News can get away with its slanderous ideologies thrown vehemently into American homes on a nightly basis is because the pseudo reporters are opinion commentators. According to the Associated Press' Stylebook 2002 and Briefing on Media Law, "The rationale behind the opinion privilege is that only statements that can be proven true or false are capable of defamatory meaning and that statements of 'opinion' cannot, by their nature, be proven true or false" (344). The many opinion shows circulating on Fox News have become very influential in

Individual Project Criminal Evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Individual Project Criminal Evidence - Essay Example It is a basic rule of evidence that when the terms of an agreement have reduced to writing, it is considered as containing all the terms agreed upon, and there can be, as between the parties, no evidence of such term other than the contents of the written agreement per se. A classic example of a documentary evidence is a contract. Parol or oral evidence refers to the testimony of a witness made before the judicial court. An example of this type of evidence is the testimony of the victim in a rape case. One of the popular cases in Canada where DNA testing was allegedly used was the case of Dr. John Schneeberger. The latter is a doctor who raped one of his sedated patients in 1992 and intentionally left semen on the victim's underwear. The police immediately got blood samples from Schneeberger's blood and compared the same the DNA to the DNA from the semen found at the crime scene on three different occasions. However, the matching proved to be negative. It was found out later on thru other evidence that Dr. John Schneeberger inserted a Penrose drain into his own arm thru surgery and then filled the same with a foreign blood and anticoagulants. Anticoagulants is a type of drug that prevents the clotting of the blood while a Penrose drain, according to Wikipedia, is a surgical device placed in a wound to drain and prevent the build up of fluid. This in turn resulted to the degradation of the value of DNA evidence in criminal cases since DNA samples may be faked and planted, just like in Schneeberger case. In this case, the DNA sample, although previously admitted by the court, failed to prove the suspicions earlier made by the police authorities. DNA evidence is a real or object evidence since it is a material evidence that is addressed directly to the senses of the court. Although logically, judges and justices may not appreciate its value without the corresponding interpretation and testimony of scientists expert in the field, it can stand alone in court as evidence and therefore maintains its classification as a real or object evidence. In most states in the United States, DNA evidence are admissible in court even without the corresponding expert testimony. However in some jurisdictions, the expert testimony plays a big role in determining the admissibility of DNA as evidence. Personally, I do not agree with the use of DNA as evidence in proving the guilt or innocence of an accused. There are relevant scientific studies where it was concluded that DNA testing is not 100% perfect although the ratio of its reliability reaches one is to 5 million. Criminal prosecution is totally different from civil ones. It is the life and liberty of the accused which is at stake. It has been said that it is better to leave a criminal free rather than punish an innocent man. In this case, no matter how small the percentage of the probable mistake may be committed in the DNA testing and studies, the same cannot justify prosecution and persecution of innocent people. It is totally different however in using DNA testing as a means of proving paternity, for example, as the same is civil in nature. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), although widely accepted in courts, are still subject to human mistakes such as the lack of control

Development of the Bond Market in Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

Development of the Bond Market in Bangladesh Essay It is a privilege to be here this morning at this pioneering event, and I would like to congratulate the Bangladesh Bank and the Securities and Exchange Commission for hosting the first-ever international workshop on the development of bond market in Bangladesh. Bond markets link issuers having long-term financing needs with investors willing to place funds in long-term, interest-bearing securitiBangladeshes. has both the issuers and the investors in place but it still has not been able to link them effectively through a bond market. The positive effect of developing a domestic bond market on the economy is well-known. On the one hand, bond markets are essential for a country to enter a sustained phase of development driven by market-based capital allocation and increased avenues for raising debt capital. On the other hand, the central position occupied by domestic bond markets in markedly increasing the resilience of a country’s financial system and insulating it against external shocks, contagion and reduction of access to international capital markets is established. Capital markets are essentially about matching the needs of investors with those that need capital for development. Bangladesh has no shortage of both such parties, a young and dynamic population that increasingly wants, and is able to, make provision for lifetime events, to save for children’s education, for the possibility of ill health and ultimately for old age and retirement. On the other side of the equation, Bangladesh has a pressing need for investment resources to bolster its stretched infrastructure resources, to build more power stations, bridges, ports and gas-pipelines to empower the people in the development of enterprise and the creation of jobs. Debt markets are an extremely effective mechanism for matching the long term needs of savers with those of entrepreneurs. Term capital is a precious commodity and it has been a frustration to see the process of long term savings, such as provident funds and life insurance contracts, being invested in short term instruments such as bank deposits, a process we call ‘reverse term transformation’ but we could equally call it â€Å"reverse alchemy† in which the gold of term capital is turned into the lead of short term iabilities. As a development institution it is our goal to establish sustainable capacity. As Bangladesh has led the world in its development of the microfinance industry, you have impressed us all with your ability to mobilize funds for productive purposes at the community level in the villages. What we need to see now is a similar degree of success at the institutional level in terms of mobilizing resources for infrastructure and other uses of long ter m funds. At the World Bank, we would like to help you in this endeavor; it is much more useful that Taka funds are mobilized to fund projects whose sole revenue source will be in Taka. I am sure that it is a shared ambition of us all that Bangladesh should play a larger role in mobilizing its own capital resources and reducing the dependency upon donor institutions such as ourselves. We at the World Bank would like to work with you to this end, so that we can move on from providing infrastructure finance for sustainable development to a higher level of developing a sustainable, national, infrastructure financing capacity. Bond markets in most countries are built on the same basic elements: a number of issuers with long-term financing needs, investors with a need to place savings or other liquid funds in interest-bearing securities, intermediaries that bring together investors and issuers, and an infrastructure that provides a conducive environment for securities transactions, ensures legal title to securities and settlement of transactions, and provides price discovery information. The regulatory regime provides the basic framework for bond markets and, indeed, for capital markets in general. Efficient bond markets are characterized by a competitive market structure, low transaction costs, low levels of fragmentation, a robust and safe market infrastructure, and a high level of heterogeneity among market participants. It is my hope that this Workshop will debate and discuss the various initiatives that are necessary to develop the intermediaries, infrastructure and the regulatory regime so that a vibrant bond market becomes a reality in Bangladesh soon. An important element of a domestic bond market is the government bond market. Development of a government bond market provides a number of important benefits if the pre-requisites to a sound development are in place. At the macroeconomic policy level, a government securities market provides an avenue for domestic funding of budget deficits and avoid a build-up of foreign currency-denominated debt. A government securities market can also strengthen the transmission and implementation of monetary policy, including the achievement of monetary targets or inflation objectives, and can enable the use of market-based indirect monetary policy instruments. The existence of such a market not only can enable authorities to smooth consumption and investment expenditures in response to shocks, but if coupled with sound debt management, can also help governments reduce their exposure to interest rate risk – a situation that is looming large in the National Savings Certificates market, currency, and other financial risks. Finally, a shift toward market-oriented funding of government budget deficits will reduce debt-service costs over the medium to long term through development of a deep and liquid market for government securities. The prerequisites for establishing an efficient government domestic currency securities market include a credible and stable government; sound fiscal and monetary policies; effective legal, tax, and regulatory infrastructure; smooth and secure settlement arrangements; and a liberalized financial system with competing intermediaries. Since pension and life insurance reform helps in the development of government securities market, starting the process of pension and insurance reform now might be prudent because of the time it takes to feel the positive impact of such reforms on the capital market. While some of these prerequisites have already been met, I hope that this Workshop will discuss the initiatives, their prioritization and the time horizon for their implementation, which will be necessary for putting the rest in place. Before ending, I would like to table a few suggestions for consideration in the Workshop. These are: 1. Creating a bond market in Bangladesh will be a long process, and the hard work of many architects, artisans and craftsmen will be required in the construction. I am optimistic that the foundations are now in place and this seminar is going to be one of many uilding blocks that will help create the market framework. This framework must be solid if a bond market is to gain investors confidence and hence allow public and private sectors to raise capital for the much needed investments in Bangladesh. 2. To ease the process, the Government bonds must come first. To increase the attractiveness of these bonds and to ensure their soundness, Bangladesh Bank w ill need to continue its initiatives to develop the secondary market, lower transaction costs and improve upon the market infrastructure to support secondary market liquidity. The Bangladesh Bank has already achieved a great deal to this end in a very short time. It was not so long ago that government debt market trading was effectively zero; now we see a disciplined, organized market taking shape with maturities in traded securities out to ten years. We congratulate the Governor and his team for their achievements in this field and are proud if we have been able to play some small part in support of the Government and the Bangladesh Bank in this success. 3. Banks are invariably amongst the major users of long term debt markets in order to raise long-term subordinate debt to supplement their capital bases. Many regulators now actively encourage the issuance of debt by banks in the local currency market as a step towards the discipline of â€Å"market monitoring† envisaged in the Basel II capital adequacy regime. It is probably the case that the state of the banking system in Bangladesh makes this a medium-term project, however, we have already been presently surprised by the progress we have seen in several fields in terms of banking sector reform and debt market development. A prior requirement to facilitate issuance of fixed income capital instruments is the adoption of international accounting standards, and more effective enforcement of Bangladesh Bank’s supervisory standards. The increased use of credit rating agencies has often accompanied this development, but this can add value only to the extent that the opinion of the rating agencies is valued by the market. We have noted with interest the nascent development of a debt rating capacity in Bangladesh and hope to see this sector rise to international standards. . One other extremely important role that debt markets can play is in the development of the housing finance market, an area of activity where the ordinary citizens need to have access to long-term loans to fulfill their dream of owning their own property. While capital markets can not bring down the price of real estate in Bangladesh, efficient capital markets can make housing more affordable, and more attainable, through extending t he maturity of loans and lowering monthly repayment terms. 5. Not only will a bond market require good financial foundations, but long-term investment institutions will also need to be developed with demand for longer maturity assets. The insurance and pension markets are currently not fully developed in Bangladesh. These markets should be reformed as they are the natural buyers of long-term securities. We understand that the Ministry of Commerce is now in the process of disseminating much awaited investment guidelines which will allow insurance companies to offer more competitive products to their clients by allowing them to invest more productively, and securely, in the capital markets. Reform and development of the pension sector, combined with a new approach to the NSS, should be next on the agenda. 6. The World Bank is already working with the Government and Bangladesh Bank on some of these key issues, and we shall be ready to work further with them within the limits of our own comparative advantage. We have been extremely pleased to see the coordinated approach of the Bangladesh Bank, Ministry of Finance, the SEC and the National Board of Revenue to work with IPDC to bring the first securitization transaction to market in Bangladesh. This has been one solid step towards mobilizing finance for entrepreneurs and has confounded those skeptics who thought that securitization is â€Å"too sophisticated† for Bangladesh. Perhaps those skeptics would benefit from seeing the collected talent and enthusiasm for development gathered here in this room today. We would very much like to hope that the next securitization will be another transaction close to our heart, that of the securitization of a portion of the toll revenues of the Jamuna Bridge. The IPDC loan securitization was a long time in the making and the Jamuna Bridge securitization appears to be following the same path. This is a transaction which all experts agree would have a major positive impact not only on capital market development in Bangladesh, but also in mobilizing taka finance for other strategic infrastructure developments such as the proposed Padma Bridge. We can only hope that the Jamuna Bridge securitization will enjoy the same long term success. To facilitate this process, it would be useful to have designated counterparts from the Government and Bangladesh Bank. Such a crucial market as a domestic bond market needs excellent domestic regulation and supervision if investors and borrowers are not to be disappointed or worse. It cannot be created by outsiders. Along with you all, I am eagerly looking forward to the technical sessions, which have been very well-organized. In conclusion, I would urge the participants to discuss the issues at length and provide some specific recommendations for the Government, Bangladesh Bank, the SEC, and indeed all the stakeholders, which can be implemented immediately. This could pave the path for a well-functioning bond market that can change the existing bank-oriented financial system to a multilayered system, where capital markets can complement bank financing. I wish the workshop and its participants all success.

Discussions Of Population Growth And Resources Environmental Sciences Essay

Discussions Of Population Growth And Resources Environmental Sciences Essay Natural resources are a subject of constant debate in the contemporary political and economic scene. Forms of appropriation, exploitation and trade of such resources affect in crucial way international relationships, and they are even a cause of violent conflicts. But its importance goes further. Their allocation has been always a crucial element due to its effects in the economy; its possession determines the economical organization and political development of a region. Today, there is an increasing awareness of the need for production systems to incorporate the objective of sustainable development. In order to manage this, natural resources should be renewal, in the sense that they are the determining condition for sustaining a long-term economic dynamic. Looking at this approach, natural resources are regarded as a link between societies and the environment. But what is the really relationship between population and natural resources? Is it sustainable? The study of interactions between population growth and the environment has a long history. According to Malthus 1, a growing population exerts pressure on agricultural land, forcing the cultivation of land of poorer and poorer quality. This environmental degradation affects natural resources and reduces the marginal product of labor and, through its effect on income, lessens the rate of population growth. The result is an equilibrium population that enjoys low levels of both income and environmental quality. But, the modern economic models replace agricultural land with nonrenewable resources. In this model, natural resources impose a limit to economic growth, with population pressures reducing economic development as scarce natural resources are exploited more intensively. However, a more recent theme in discussions of population growth and resources is the importance of environmental quality, measured by the stock of forests or by absence of air and water pollution. In this view the environment is seen not as a factor that limits productivity as populations expands, but as good whose quality is degraded by a growing population. In fact, population pressures, for example, are frequently cited as a cause of deforestation: population growth, by increasing the need for arable land, encourages the conversion of forest land to other uses. Moreover, it is related to the major cause of air, water and solid-waste pollution. In the past, the main cause of alarm was the depletion of natural resources. Many specialists repeatedly calculated how long the reserves of coal, oil, etc., will last. Now source of alarm is an entire complex of questions relating to the interaction between man and the environment. As in any other natural ecosystem, the increase in population means an increasing pressure on it. In the case of the human population, such pressure is even greater because it is not only a numerical increase, but also associated with the creation and diversification of new needs. This qualitative aspect is reflected in demands on resources, which are scarcer and scarcer. 2Nevertheless, the effects of population growth cannot be discussed independent of other factors that can cause resource and environmental pressures. While it makes sense to ask about relative importance of population in causing these pressures, it cannot be forgotten tastes, technology, institution policies and international relations. These and other determinants strongly condition the resource and pressure generated by population growth; they often change and affect the situation more than do demographic changes within specific time periods; and they often interact with each other and with demographic variables. But focusing on the sustainability of this relationship; there are at least three reason of why concerns about population growth have retreated over the last years. First,3 the demographic transition, which refers to the idea that at sufficiently high incomes, fertility tends to fall, owing to voluntary family size decisions. Indeed, fertility has fallen significantly in those parts of the world where most educated people live such as Unite States, Europe and East Asia. In spite this trend, population for the world as a whole is still growing rapidly. Second, population growth can be related to the technology optimism, which points out that increasing population is a positive force on living standards, largely because of induced innovation arising from population pressure. This model put an end on the Malthusian problem which 1said that there was a possibly tendency of human population to grow more rapidly that can be accommodated by arable land and other components of the source base. Third, it is related to political or ideological considerations. Population concerns are often in conflict with the strongly pro-natal positions of several major religions, particularly with the fundamentalist elements that have grown in influence over the past few decades. Cornering now about environmental degradation, especially air and water pollution, and concerning about depletion of natural resources like forests and oil reserves has become a significant issue. Both, environmental damage and resource depletion derive from the same fundamental question regarding the interaction of economic activity and the natural environment. Thus, important natural resources include environmental resources such as air and water, agricultural resources in the form of land and soil; renewable resources such as forests, fisheries and wildlife; and non-renewable resources such as oil and various metals and minerals. Global warming is a somewhat distinct topic, although it interacts closely with environmental, agricultural and renewable resources and is an important cause of resource degradation. Following studies like Limit to growth 4 put on the table whether the present growth trends continue unchanged, the limit to growth on this planet will be reached sometime within the next 100 years. The most probable result will be a sudden and uncontrollable decline in both population and industrial capacity. Looking at this premonition, the word sustainability becomes widely used in discussion of resource use. Unfortunately, the term was used in a variety of different ways, leading to significant semantic confusions. Therefore, extending this sustainable concept to an entire economy seems difficult. 5This concept cannot apply to non-renewable resources. Petroleum that is used up cannot be replaced by new petroleum. So, it makes more sense to apply the concept to energy sources that can replace the non-renewable ones. Building the right infrastructures might include facilities to produce hydroelectric power, solar energy, wind energy, and so on. The issue is whether this sustainable word has appeared too late, because human has already cause huge damages. Some of them have even affected our own specie. 5About 3 million people die annually due to contamination. In the past decade and in every environmental sector, conditions have not improved. For example, contaminated water, together with poor sanitation, kills over 12 million people a years, mostly in developing countries. Air pollution kills another 3 millions. And heavy metals and other contaminates also cause widespread health problems; Will we have enough food to feed everyone? In 64 of the 105 developing countries studied by FAO (United Nations Food and Agriculture), the population has been growing faster than food availability. The population pressures have degraded some 2.000 million hectares of arable land, an area the size of Canada and the United States together. About the fresh water: The availability of freshwater is finite, but demand is rising rapidly as the population grows and increasing use per capita. By 2025, when projected to the worlds population reaches 8.000 billion is expected that 48 countries, containing 3.000 million people will face water shortages. Focusing now in coastal and oceans; half of all coastal ecosystems are under pressure due to high population densities and urban development. In the worlds oceans is rising tide of pollution. The ocean fishery is being overexploited, and fish catches or harvests have declined. 1 Clausen, AW 1985, Population Growth and Economic and Social Development, Journal of Economic Education, 16, 3, pp. 165-176. 2 Ridker, Ronald G. Population and Economic Growth: Resource and Amenity Implications of Population Changes. American Economic Review 64, no. 2 (May 1974): 33 3 Peyrache-Gadeau, V 2007, Natural Resources, Innovative Milieux and the Environmentally Sustainable Development of Regions, European Planning Studies, 15, 7, pp. 945-959 . 4Smith, V. Kerry, and John V. Krutilla. Economic Growth, Resource Availability, and Environmental Quality. American Economic Review 74, no. 2 (May 1984): 226 4HOMER-DIXON, T 2011, GROWTH WONT LAST FOREVER, Foreign Policy, 184, p. 56 5 Don Hinrichsen and Bryant Robey; Population and the Environment: The Global Challenge Johns Hopkins University report, september 2000

Reflection On Nature And Nurture Philosophy Essay

Reflection On Nature And Nurture Philosophy Essay The theme of Nurture v. Nature is a topic of heated debates. Different scientists in many branches of science still can not find agreement about the degree of influence of hereditary and social factors on human development. Carolyn Csongradi in her article Why the Topic of Bioethics in Science Classes? explores this theme and gives her opinion on the topic. The author investigates how relation between nature and nurture influence thinking processes. The research is very interesting because the process of human thinking and cognition is another object of controversy and heated debates and the author unites two interesting and controversial topics in one article. In the first part of the article she explores different approaches to the problem of nature v. nurture influence. The author of the article explores different theories which investigate the relation between hereditary and social influence. The article is interesting because the author gives arguments from different field of human science. She approaches the problem from different perspectives and this gives the readers opportunity to get a detailed information on the topic. Those who believe that hereditary factors have greater influence on human development believe that genetic information determine human personalities and behavior. Of course some behavioral patterns may be nurtured but still major influence belongs to hereditary factors. According to evolutionary approach our knowledge and reactions are inborn but they may be modified by upbringing and society. Evolutionists believe that the most important knowledge about the world is selected by natural selection and passed through time and generation. This kind of information helps different spices to survive. According to Darwin, the founder of the Evolutionary Theory, instincts which are useful for the survival of the entire spice are more valuable and that is the reason why some behavioral patterns became suitable for the life in the society. During the 1800s, Charles Darwin speculated that certain rules for conflict arbitration were needed at the point in time when a species evolved a longer mem ory, a keener imagination and became involved in social contracts. For example, a bird, which could leave an active nest to migrate with her group, choosing that instinct over the one to nurture, would find this choice too difficult with a better memory (Csongradi). Neurological studies described by the author of the article show that nature prevails over nutrition. As an example the author speaks about the research of Oliver Sacks, who investigated behavior of savants people with extraordinary artistic abilities. Oliver Sacks finally came to the conclusion that surrounding has little influence on the abilities of these people. They are not dependant on the things which surround them and on the people around them. Then the author turns to philosophical investigation on the topic. The author turns to the opinion of outstanding philosophers, such as Hume and Kant, who underlined the important role of hereditary factors in human behavior and development. Kant believed we inherited certain categories or concept grids on which experiences could be sorted or organized (Csongradi). Freud, famous behaviorist and the founder of psychoanalysis, also believed that nature became that factor which determined human behavior and reactions. Descartes, famous philosopher of the 16th century expressed even more radical view. He doubted the existence of any objects outside of human mind. The author of the article gives description of the simple experiment which proves that our reactions and perceptions are determined by our mind. This simple experiment very vividly illustrates that human mind determines our perception and experience. In this experiment three bowls of water are put on the table. One bowl of water is hot, another is very cold and the third one is tepid. The participant of the experiment puts one hand in the cold water and another hand in the hot one. After several minutes he places both hands in the bowl with tepid water. The sensations in two hands will be different. This experiment proves that human mind influences our perception of reality. The author also gives arguments against natural approach. As she states there exist values which are not necessary for the survival of the spice. Certain qualities were developed not only through natural selection process and this fact raises doubts concerning natural approach. Such qualities as altruism, truthfulness or justice contradict to natural approach because they are not always necessary for the survival of the spice. Some choices may even result in the death of an individual but still there are people who make these choices. Carolyn Csongradi made interesting investigation on the theme of relation between genetic and social influence on the development of human personality. In her article she provides information in interesting and convenient manner. Information is divided into subcategories which makes it convenient to get the authors idea. It is evident that Csongradi stands for natural approach. Her thesis is clearly formulated in the beginning of the article. She presents several groups of arguments in order to prove her position. These groups are: philosophical discussion, neurological studies, evolutionary view. These three sections present different kinds of proofs for the naturalistic approach. The author uses research data. She bases her conclusions on the research of the contemporary scholars. In addition, she addresses famous philosophers of the past in order to give proofs of her position. Csongradi descries neurological research and studies which give proofs to natural approach to the person ality formation. In addition, the author describes simple experiment with water which can also prove to which extend our perception is conditioned by our mind. Big number of references at the end of the article proves that the author addresses multiple sources in her research. At the end of the article Csongradi describes arguments of the opposing side. She gives data which does not fit smoothly into the theory of natural approach and evolutionary selection. She gives arguments which must provoke reader for their own reflections on the topic. In general, the article gives interesting and trustworthy data on the theme of natural and social influence on the individual. The article Why the Topic of Bioethics in Science Classes? A New Look at an Old Debate by Carolyn Csongradi can be found in the site of National Health Museum (http://www.accessexcellence.org). In these site specialists and researches in different fields of human knowledge discuss questions of human health, bioethics and other important questions. The information presented in the website may be regarded as trustworthy. Despite the site contains advertisements, it does not refer directly to the themes of the articles. The articles presented in the site are written by specialists and presented in simple and interesting manner in order to give different people opportunity to expand their knowledge in different fields. Csongradi, Carolyn Why the Topic of Bioethics in Science Classes? A New Look at an Old Debate http://www.accessexcellence.org/LC/SER/BE/whata.php Why the Topic of Bioethics in Science Classes?A New Look at an Old Debate by Carolyn Csongradi What Is The Relationship Between Nature And Nurture In The Acquisition Of Knowledge? Nature is more influential than nurture: Knowledge arises from genetic information honed by a process of natural selection. Some portions of this knowledge might be nurtured, but genetically determined forms also may modify how we categorize our experiences. Evolutionary view: From an evolutionary point of view, certain things we know about the world are innate, although modifiable by interactions with family, education, religion and society. This knowledge about objects and what is valued is natural having been selectively reinforced over time. For instance, pack behavior observed in wolves is a form of collective behavior which supports kinship preferences and caring, while perpetuating a common genetic pool. These core values, associated with social groups, were used long ago by individuals who were successful in their primitive world and had the greatest chance of procreation. Accurately understanding the world enhanced both group and individual survival. During the 1800s, Charles Darwin speculated that certain rules for conflict arbitration were needed at the point in time when a species evolved a longer memory, a keener imagination and became involved in social contracts.(29) For example, a bird, which could leave an active nest to migrate with her group, choosing that instinct over the one to nurture, would find this choice too difficult with a better memory. He argued that certain instincts, such as caring for young as opposed to making a rapid decision to leave, were preferentially selected in any conflict because those values had longer lasting consequences. (30) A reasonable alternative interpretation might be that those behaviors encouraging the survival of young also perpetuated those genes which might select for altruism at least among relatives. This form of altruism enhances the survival of the genotype of the altruist. Altruism for non-relatives is quite a different story because the personal pay-off or gain is less easil y discerned. Neurological studies: Oliver Sacks, author and neurologist, has devoted much of his recent book to describing the unique behavior of a group of his patients who are savants.(37) A savant is someone who demonstrates an extraordinary talent in a particular field such as art, music, or mathematics. A large percentage of savants are autistic with limitations in their ability to personally relate to others. Sacks became friends with a young boy named Stephen, who was an autistic savant, capable of memorizing complex scenery at a glance and retaining the information for months. When asked he would accurately construct a pen and ink sk etch from what he had observed earlier. He started his pictures at one edge of the paper, working across to the other edge, filling in the framework and all the details without an outline. While drawing, the house could come down and Stephen would not notice. He sometimes took artistic license and added features which did not originally exist, but the basics, the original flavor, remained. In a sense, having demonstrated his enormous talent at an early age, he had little need for nurture from the environment or from other humans. Philosophical discussion: In examining the relationship between what was inherited and what was learned from experience, philosophers Hume and Kant were echoed by the behaviorist, Freud, when they spoke of natures contribution as a force to be reckoned with, educated or subdued. Human nature was always a fact to contend with. In a more extreme view from the 1500s, Descartes questioned whether anything existed outside of the mind. He finally conceded that if there were real things instead of only our thoughts about them, God was responsible for the interpretation. Kant, who realized that Descartes position made all knowledge subjective to each individual, tried to move away from this restrictive view and proposed that the mind was an active participant in knowledge acquisition, constructing certain aspects of an experience. Kant believed we inherited certain categories or concept grids on which experiences could be sorted or organized. (5) To understand how the mind might construct an experience, the following experiment should be helpful. Obtain three bowls each holding about a gallon of liquid. Arrange them so that the first bowl contains hot water; the second, tepid; and the third, very cold water. Simultaneously, place your left hand in the hot water and you right in the cold. Wait one minute and immerse both hands in the tepid water. What has each hand told you about the temperature? Additional examples of the minds involvement in interpreting experience are seen with optical illusions, the unnoticed retinal blind spot and other adaptive behaviors found in the nervous system. One of the problems with a purely nature based argument is how to explain the existence or continuing survival of certain values which may involve actions for which there is no obvious natural selection pressure. For example, why should a choice be made contrary to an individuals stated preferences or which may result in actual punishment? Altruism for non-related individuals, truthfulness and justice as fairness are values difficult to support from an evolutionary view, particularly when some choices cause the death of an individual, effectively removing those genes from the pool. Hypothesizing these as primarily inherited values would generate a requirement for a very complex set of genetic directions having a large common human base of reference. The search for a potential common morality has provoked more debate than agreement among anthropologists, theologians, and philosophers.(33)

Grand Avenue Masks :: essays research papers

Windows to the Soul   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many Characters in the novel Grand Avenue, by Greg Sarris, are wearing masks. Masks that conceal themselves and their culture in an attempt to fit into the world that has enveloped their history and stifled their heritage. The key to these masks is the eyes. The eyes of the characters in the novel tell stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The dispair of the Native Americans is first shown in The Magic Pony when Jasmine, the voice of the story, describes her Aunt Faye’s eyes. “Her eyes looked dark and motionless, like she was seeing something she didn’t want to see and couldn’t look away from'; (p.4)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Faye, like many inhabitants of the novel, seems helplessly focused on the sordid history of her family and the poison that seems to infect their very souls. She is obsessed to the point of madness and this poison is best described by Jasmine when she comes upon Faye the morning of Faye’s decision to create order out of the chaos that has been her life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  “I realized talking about it was useless when I saw her eyes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fearful person I had seen behind her bright eyes the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  past few weeks had come out now; she was that person.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She had told stories to save herself - now she was telling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  them to excuse herself. Hatred. Jealousy. Anger. Evil.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All I had seen in my mother’s and my aunt’s eyes at   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  different times were here in Faye’s.'; (p. 23-24)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After doing her best to fight the poison that curses her family, she finally succumbs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jasmine describes her cousin Ruby’s eyes as being “a million miles away'; (p.7). But when Ruby’s mind is set on saving the pony, her determination comes shining brightly through.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  “Her eyes were like a pair of headlights on the highway,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  staring straight ahead, zooming past me.'; (p.18)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ruby has found a purpose, a cause. All of her will is focused on achieving this goal. For her, saving the pony from the slaughterhouse is a way to retake a part of her that was lost in the very same slaughterhouse when she went to work for Smokey, the local pimp.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In another story, Ruby’s eyes still exhibit an innocence and exuberance of youth. Slaughterhouse is a story told by the voice of Frankie, Ruby’s teenage boyfriend. The story begins with Frankie describing her eyes “pretty as the nighttime sky';. (p.51) But later in the story, Frankie notices a change in Ruby.

Civil War - Gettysburg :: essays research papers

For five days Jackson had looked on Washington spread before him with the Dome of the Capitol in sight from his headquarters on the Georgetown Pike near 7th Street. Lee having recovered sufficiently from his wounds had resumed command of the army but had been summoned to Richmond by President Davis following overtures from ( Vice ) President Johnson to discuss common grounds for a peaceful settlement to the War. Lincoln left the Capital for Canada, reluctantly, following pressure from Cabinet to avoid possible capture by the advancing Confederates who seemed unstoppable as the Union forces in and around Washington disintegrated into a disorderly rabble. Following his heroic retreat from Gettysburg Howard had been promoted to Lieutenant-General and assumed command of the defenses of Washington superseding Major-General S.P.Heintzelman who had very little combat experience. Howard had about 55,000 men but very little control and desertions were whittling this force away hourly. The Federal army was totally demoralized and soldiers were going home as if it was all over, sensing the end was near. Grant had, after eventually capturing Vicksburg on the 4th July been ordered to evacuate and return control to the Confederates under Pemberton. This would be accomplished by the 12th and an uneasy peace would settle across the Western theatre as Lieutenant-General ( Old Pete) Longstreet entrained to take command of all the South’s western forces. Jackson chafed... aware that the Union forces were a spent force and there for the taking, his spies reported that the defenders had shrunk to 35,000 and if they waited for another couple of weeks Washington would be a ghost town. France had broken with England and recognized the independence of the Confederacy and England was expected to follow suit very soon. In Richmond McClellan was leading the Union delegation and was pursuing a course of peace on reasonable terms. Basically, it had settled down to where the borderlines would be drawn. Davis was prepared to concede what was now West Virginia but wanted the Indian and Arizona territories. Robert E.Lee had been appointed commander of all the Confederate Forces and given a free hand in appointments and troop dispositions. Lincoln was under house arrest in Niagara, not because the British had anything against him but for his own safety as his popularity was zero and the British government didn’t want any untoward incident for which they could be blamed. Jackson had

Boom and bust in telecommunication Case Study Essay

Introduction In 1979, Mr. Andy Mallari opened a small shop selling transistor radios which was located at one corner (Gen. Luna St.) of the entire stretch of Burgos Avenue, the main thoroughfare of Cabanatuan City. After eleven years, he was able to save money for the expansion of his business along Del Pilar Street due to increasing demand for electronic parts used in the assembly and maintenance of radios, tape recorders, amplifiers, and various related appliances. Mr. Mallari started his sales and repairs operating stores in big towns of San Juan City, Gapan, and Guimba to double his feat. After he met Mr. Estelito Chan, a former classmate who has a well-established appliance assembly plant in Manila, his business viewpoint has changed considerably. He wants to follow the footsteps of his friend. Problem Statement Mr. Malllarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s oldest son is about to enter college and he is already 47 years old. In relation to this, he thinks that this is the best time for him to consider sending his son to an engineering school. His judgement will focus on which school and which engineering course he will ask his children to take. He has three sons, all belonging to the top ten in their respective classes. He knows all three have the potential to help him realize his dream of establishing his own assembly plant. Now, his top priority is to identify the right college courses for his children. Objectives The objectives of this case are (1) to identify the right engineering course for Mr. Mallarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s children, (2) to analyze each engineering course in relation to the attainment of his dream of establishing his own assembly plant and (3) to recommend the most favorable choices to be made to ensure the realization of his dream assembly plant. Analyzing Case Data Mr. Mallarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s main goal is to put up his own appliance assembly plant. In order to achieve that goal he was to assign engineering courses for his children to take up. His current business offers sales and repairs of electronic parts. In order to successfully establish his own assembly plant,  technical knowledge of the engineering courses must be parallel to this area of business. People with the right skill sets and experience levels are absolutely necessary for the smooth working of an organization. Another important factor he should consider is that the three engineering courses though related to one another should have clear and distinct functions in his company. He must establish the nature of the job of the three to ensure no duplication of work. This also involves the division of labor, the delegation of authority and departmentalization. Since his three sons have strong potential and determination in their studies and future career, he must continue to guid e them and lead them to the attainment of success of their goal. Suggested Course of Action An assembly plant is a factory where manufactured parts are assembled into a finished product. The four fields of engineering namely: mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronics and communications engineering, and industrial engineering are relative to an appliance assembly plant. Mr. Mallari must know the significance and functions of each engineering field. First, mechanical engineering is a wide subject that derives its extent from the need to design and manufacture everything from small individual parts and devices to large systems. The role of a mechanical engineer is to take a product from an idea to the marketplace. Next, electrical engineering deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. This field first became an identifiable occupation in after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electric power distribution and use. It now covers a wide range of subfields including electronics, digital computers, power engineering, telecommunications, control systems, RF engineering, and signal processing. While, an electronic and communications engineer is responsible for the design of electronics that drive the transmitter and receiver functions of any system transporting wireless or wired communications. A person with this job may work in the fields of computer networking, digital TV, satellite, radio or Internet technology. Lastly, industrial engineering is concerned with the design, installation, improvement, evaluation, and control of socio-technical systems in virtually all sectors, including manufacturing, distribution, government, energy,  health care, and finance. A distinguishing feature of the industrial engineering discipline is the integration of humans, machines, materials, and information to optimize the performance of such systems using available resources in the most efficient way, but withou t degrading social and physical environments. Conclusion and Recommendation Mr. Mallarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s dream of establishing his own assembly plant may be successfully accomplished if he will choose three from mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronic and communications engineering and industrial engineering for his children to take. These four fields of engineering with their own significance and specialization are relative to an assembly plant. Since electrical engineering and electronics engineering are interdisciplinary courses he may choose one and the other two are mechanical and industrial engineering. Basic management principles, along with technical knowledge and skills must be apply effectively and efficiently to attain success in the business.

Omar Rodriguez-Lopez Essay

When I say Omar Rodriguez-Lopez, what comes to mind? To most of you new age listeners, absolutely nothing, just Spanish guy name, but to all of you in touch musical geniuses, only one word clouds your brain. Volta. The mars Volta is an Avant garde progressive rock group, who at times may not make sense with words, but completely and utterly make up for it with insane riffs, original scales and crazy drum segments. Omar is the guitarist and founder of the mars Volta; he is also the main song writer. Omar has incorporated guitar into his world and career ever since he was twelve year old, starting off with a bass. When he turned fifteen, he claimed he â€Å"needed more strings† and switched to a guitar, this decision changed his life forever. Omar was born on September first 1975 in Puerto Rico, although he grew up in El Paso Texas, and spent much time in South California. He attended high school in El Paso at Coronado where he met his future band mates. In my eyes, Omar is a musical genius; I mean have you ever listened to l’via l’viaquez? Boom, starts off straight with pure riff, of course the Spanish lyrics add to the awesomeness of it, but this guy is a genius. His music never gets boring, ten minute long songs, anthems if you will, they’re long, but not too long, never repeat a scale or rhythm, but you can still hum the chorus, perfect? I think so. Once Omar realized he was an artist, he did more than just play in a band and write music, he decided to write films, including music for the soundtracks. His first film was called the sentimental engine slayer, which was played in numerous theatres, he was good at this indeed, but his true calling obviously lies in the world of fret boards and fender amps. Omar is actually a big fan of Ibanez guitars, his first two were custom, then Ibanez decided to make him his own, which is available for purchase. Omar lives a low radar life, and loves it. He is inspiring to many, including me, the ways he incorporates and uses guitar in his life.

MCI Communications Corporation Essay

1-What is the likely level of MCI’s external needs over the next several years? By how much could they be expected to vary? Why? 2-Critique MCI’s past financial strtategy, giving attention to the types of securities on which it has relied. Why did MCI finance itself in the manner it did? 3-Based upon your analysis of the outlook for MCI and the competitive and regulatory evolution of the industry, recommend a capital structure policy for MCI and defend your proposal against plausible events. 4-Assume that Mr.English, the MCI chief financial officer, has the following financial alternatives available to him as of April 1983: a)$500 million of 12 1/2 , 20 year subordinated debentures b)$400 million of common stock c1)$600 million 7 5/8 20 year convertible subordinated debentures with conversion price of $ 54 per share (i.e., $1,000 bond would be converted into 18.52 conmmon shares) c2) $1 billion of a unit package consisting of a $1000 7  ½, 10 year subordinated debenture and 18.18 warrants, each entitling the holder to purchase one share of MCI common stock for 55$. The warrants would be exercisable until 1988 and are callable. The exercisei price of the warrants would be payable either in cash or by surrender of the debentures valued at their principal amount. Which if any of these alternatives would you recommend that Mr.English take? Why? In broad outline, what financing steps would you recommend he take over  the next several years?

Importance of Performance Appraisal

A major challenge for every business owner or manager is to have employees who are passionate about what they do and constantly strives to perform at their best. Many managers take the integrated approach known as Performance Management, to manage the performance, consisting of setting goals, training employees and then appraising and rewarding them (hrm). It can be explained as a process that consolidates goal setting, performance appraisal and development into single, common system, the aim of which is to ensure that the employee’s performance is supporting the strategic aims. (hrm book 315).. A performance management system would be only effective when the employees in Mambo are clear about their duties and job standards and the organizational goals so that they work with their full potential to meet organizational objectives. Mambo should develop a well planned performance management system as it will provide information on taking decision about the promotion and salary of the new as well as currently employed staff members. Moreover it would provide the senior management (Brett and Simone) to review the employee’s work related behaviour and developing a plan for correcting any deficiencies both for manager and employee as well. During the implementation of the performance management system the organisation has to expressly pay attention to fostering and improving the behavioral factors of performance management, in order to increase the chances of better result by the use of performance management system. A key element of Performance Management System is Performance Appraisal as it identifies, evaluates and develops employee performance to meet employee and organizational goals Brett and Simone have to choose an appraisal method so that actual performance can be measured as to what has been set in the organisation. Selecting one appropriate method from many is not easy as. It is The classification of appraisal methods helps make it more straightforward. If conducted properly appraisals can achieve a number of benefits for all parties. The organization, the manager and the appraisee can: establish current levels of performance and benchmark across departments or functions; identify ways of improving performance, individually and collectively; set clear goals for the future; assess potential and desire for development; establish the appropriate means of motivation; and improve communication throughout. Mambo would be benefited in reviewing the performance of the employees by using the balance scorecard method as it is a measurement –based management system that translates organizational vision and strategy into action. (hrm 321). Under the balanced scorecard system, financial measures are the outcome, but do not give a good indication of what is or will be going on in the organization. Measures of customer satisfaction, growth and retention is the current indicator of company performance, and internal operations(efficiency, speed, reducing non-value added work, minimizing quality problems) and human resource systems and development are leading indicators of company performance(hrm 321) A performance measurement system such as the Balanced Scorecard allows an agency to align its strategic activities to the strategic plan. It permits — often for the first time — real deployment and implementation of the strategy on a continuous basis. ( balance score card, bsc,and performance management, David Chaudron, oct 2000 (www. articles911. com/Performance_Management/Balanced_Scorecard) By this approach Mambo can track and improve its strategic performance and results by developing, measuring, collecting and analyzing the data from both internal business processes and external business processes and can get feedback needed to guide the planning efforts. This meth od not only analyses how the organisation has been doing, but also how well it is doing (â€Å"current indicators†) and can expect to do in the future (â€Å"leading indicators†). It provides a clear picture of reality. As their current strategy is to focus on the global competition they are about to face from the existing players of the market they need to integrate the performance appraisal into an ongoing culture of communication where regular feedback is part of a culture of success. Ultimately, goal of Brett and Simone, when conducting performance appraisals should be to impart a true appraisal of the employee’s performance (including behavior and attitude) from management’s perspective. Employees typically are anxious at the prospect of receiving negative comments on their work, and managers may be uncomfortable offering that criticism. When done correctly, however, appraisals can be positive experiences that motivate staff members to reach their potential and achieve their professional goals. In addition to assessing past performance, appraisal meetings provide an ideal opportunity to look at future objectives. Encourage employees to stret ch their abilities, yet make sure goals are realistic. Performance evaluations allow employer to reinforce expectations and communicate with your staff one-on-one about their career objectives and simultaneously provides an overview to establish the standards of remunerating employees. An increasingly large number of corporations have explored how rewards, particularly money, could be linked to desired behavior and/or performance outcomes to improve effectiveness. This has led to widespread and growing development of pay for-performance plans. â€Å"Pay for performance† refers to any compensation system that links pay and performance. A pay-for-performance system is only as successful as the performance management program on which it depends. There are two categories of pay merit pay and variable pay. The type of performance evaluation most often associated with merit pay plans are appraisals that focus on individual performance and typically use a combination of quantitative and qualitative performance elements thus Brett and Sim one must use the concept of merit pay, which would link the individual performance with the mission of the organization. pay for Performance: Your Performance Management Program Is the Foundation, jay Schust, april 2007 , http://www. work911. com/cgi-bin/links/jump. cgi? ID=773) However attracting, motivating and rewarding employees is about much more than wages and salaries. Mambo should establish a clear line of sight between business strategies and total reward philosophies so that an effective strategy can be formulated for attracting, motivating and retaining employees(hrm 373) Total rewards refer to monetary and non monetary rewards made up of salaries/wages and benefits an employee get for performing a certain job. As the employees with high salary and incentives are less likely to quit the organisation and work with their full potential to reach organizational goal. (hrm 373), thus Brett and Simone should make an effective pay structure for the employees. They should offer bonus on top of the salaries to the employees, if they achieve the desired targets set by the company. This can be done during performance appraisal by balance score card approach as it measures the performance of employees in terms of strategic improvement of the organisation. Title: The effect of performance management on the organizational results of a bank Author(s): Andre A. de Waal, Vincent Coevert Journal: International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management ISSN: 1741-0401 Year: 2007 Volume: 56 Issue: 5/6 Page: 397 – 416 DOI: 10. 1108/17410400710757114 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited title Performance appraisal across organizational life cycles. Chen, Hai-Ming1 Kuo, Tung-Sheng Human Systems Management; 2004, Vol. 23 Issue 4, p227-233, 7p sorce Time to Reappraise Performance Appraisals. Find More Like This Receivables Report for America's Health Care Financial Managers; Jun2007, Vol. 22 Issue 6, p10-11, 2p By Lauren Stiller Rikleen .( balance score card, bsc,and performance management, David Chaudron, oct 2000 (www. articles911. com/Performance_Management/Balanced_Scorecard Developing Effective Performance Reviews. By Max Messme, business source complete, .( Getting the most from appraisals — from both sides of the desk. Find More Like This Yemm, Graham1 Source: Management Services Management Services, Spring2005, Vol. 49 Issue 1, p36-37, 2p, 2c; )

Online Rating of Professors Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Online Rating of Professors - Statistics Project Example Online rating of professors has grown popularity with the site RateMyProfessor.com. In the website, students are able to rate their professors in terms of the overall quality by which they are able to deliver their lessons, from the categories easiness, helpfulness, clarity, and prior interest in the subject. Professors are also given a chili-pepper icon when the reviewer thinks that the professor is â€Å"hot† in terms of physical looks. Some controversy has risen from the website as students and even professors devour the results as if it were an official ranking method. Some students even go to the extent of basing the schools and classes that they will take on the reviews made at the website. To make the ranking process â€Å"fair† to the professors, these members of the academe are allowed to respond to the feedbacks given to them through the â€Å"Professors Strike Back† portion of the website. Understandably, heated exchanges can occur as both students and professors defend themselves and their views. Some professors tend to be sensitive about the issues hurled against them while others choose to dismiss the ranking site entirely. All these aside, this paper wants to investigate if there are underlying factors affecting the overall quality rating of professors at Rate My Professor. As such, this study poses the following research question: RQ: Do differences in underlying factors affect the overall quality rating of professors?... A summary of these descriptive statistics are given in Table 1. Box plots reflecting the behavior of the data are also provided in Figures 1 to 5. Table 1. Summary of Descriptive Statistics. Descriptive Statistics Dept Division num easiness overall count 730 730 730 730 730 mean 46.24 2.2 34.27 3.327 3.712 sample variance 598.07 0.96 683.18 0.541 0.693 sample standard deviation 24.46 0.98 26.14 0.735 0.832 minimum 2 1 10 1.2 1.4 maximum 96 4 168 5 5 range 94 3 158 3.8 3.6 Figure 1 shows that most of the data from the graph is concentrated in the second quarter. Then to the third quarter, then evenly spread to the first quarter, and the fourth quarter. There does not seem to be any outlier in the graph. Figure 1. Box plot for the variable â€Å"Department† Based on Figure 2, there is no first quarter data from the graph. Either that it is insufficient to generate a first quarter, or the first quarter is so concentraated that the data could not show. It is most likely that the d ata is insufficient to generate a first quarter. Figure 2. Box plot for the variable â€Å"Division† Figure 3 shows that most of the data is concentrated on the first quarter. Then on the second quarter, then the third, then the fourth. The one thing that makes this graph interesting is the high amount of outliers in the graph, which is not seen from the other graphs. Figure 3. Box plot for the variable â€Å"Num† Figure 4 shows that most data are concentrated on the third quarter, followed by the last and third, and a really spreaded first quarter. There is a possibility that there is an outlier in the first quarter. Figure 4. Box plot for the variable â€Å"Overall† Figure 5 shows that data are mostly concentrated in the second quarter. And

MOD2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MOD2 - Essay Example ion acquired from job analysis helps for HR planning which involves recruiting right number of employees at the right job and developing HR functions. The most significant use of job analyses is to create a job description. Job description helps to clarify reporting relationships, work functions and helps employees to understand the job. Job description has been used by the companies to provide information to applicants about the job involvement. Prominent information gathered from the job analysis helps to create job description. The part of job description is to compile the findings of job analysis and providing information about the responsibilities needed to be performed for a particular job (Cushway, 2008). Without the salient information from job analysis, job description cannot be created. Job analysis and job description on the particular job helps to identify key responsibilities areas (KRAs). KRA includes communication skills, technical and personal skills, physical, mental and emotional ability of particular applicant to handle particular task. With the help of job analysis, organization can hire most suitable candidate on the job (Sostrin, 2013). This helps to identify candidate that are eligible for the job during the hiring process. Job description provides information to the applicants about the key areas that needed to be focused on the particular job. Job analysis can be conducted in medical area by including any medical license or certificates required for the job. It can also be conducted as the time spent by the employees to perform the job. Job description would help to ensure knowledge about the particular job in medical arena (Price & Novak, 2009). Currently I am working in a logistics management organization as a human resource executive. My job role is to find and source effective and skilled employees for the inventory management department. My job description is to sort out appropriate applicants from the received mail. In addition